STARTUP: Programs or processes that automatically run when the computer starts. Runs automatically when the computer boots up. Usually controlled by the system but can be managed by the user. Performs tasks needed for the system to run (e.g., background services). Often runs in the background, not visible to the user. Starts automatically without user input. Can slow down the computer if too many items are set to start at boot. Can be managed from system settings or task manager. Stops when you shut down or restart the computer. Example: Antivirus software, system updates, or cloud syncing services. PROGRAMS: These are the applications or software that you run on the computer. Runs when you open or launch them. Always controlled by the user. Perform specific tasks based on what the user wants to do. Usually have a visible window that the user interacts with. Starts only when you click or open them. Can also affect performance, but typically only while running. Managed by the...
The first operating system (OS) code can be traced back to the 1950s, specifically to IBM's General Motors Operating System (GMOS), which was developed in 1956 for the IBM 704 mainframe. However, it was not written in modern programming languages like C or Python but in assembly language, as higher-level programming languages were not yet common. Assembly Example (Simplified) START: LOAD JOB_QUEUE ; Load the queue of tasks to be processed CHECK_MEMORY ; Verify memory allocation for the job IF MEMORY_FULL, HALT ; Stop if insufficient memory LOAD JOB ; Load the next job into the CPU EXECUTE ; Execute the job STORE RESULTS ; Save the results back to memory RETURN_TO_QUEUE ; Return to the job queue for the next task LOOP START ; Repeat the process Pseudocode for the First OS (GMOS-style) START_OS: Ini...